Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)
EPA and DHA are the commonly used abbreviations for eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid. These are two essential polyunsaturated fatty acids that belong to the class of valuable omega-3 fatty acids. Essential means that our body absolutely needs eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and DHA for a variety of important biological functions but cannot produce the substances itself. The organism is therefore dependent on us taking in EPA and DHA in sufficient quantities with food or dietary supplements. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) is known for its anti-inflammatory properties and is believed to have various health benefits.
The health benefits of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosapentaenoic acid (DPA)
EPA and DHA, polyunsaturated fatty acids from the omega-3 group, have been found to have numerous positive effects on human health. DHA improves cell membrane structure, contributing to healthy growth and development, while EPA plays a role in regulating inflammatory processes and is important for brain health. Recent scientific studies have also shown that DPA, another omega-3 fatty acid, has even stronger anti-inflammatory properties than DHA. EPA and DPA are commonly found in fatty fish, fish oil, cod liver oil, meat, and algae.
One of the key health benefits of EPA and DPA is their ability to lower triglyceride levels in the blood, leading to improved blood fat values and better blood flow properties. This reduces the risk of clotting and contributes to optimal blood circulation. EPA and DPA also stabilize heart muscle cells, reducing the risk of dangerous arrhythmias and heart attacks. Additionally, they widen and make blood vessels more elastic, which helps to lower blood pressure in the long term.
In addition to their cardiovascular benefits, EPA and DPA are also being studied for their effects on mental health. Although the mechanisms are not yet fully understood, there are indications that EPA and DHA can be used to combat depression and hyperactivity, and deficiency in these fatty acids has been associated with schizophrenia. Furthermore, EPA, DHA, and DPA have been shown to strengthen the immune system by increasing the functions of immune cells.
Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) is commonly available as a dietary supplement in the form of fish oil capsules or as an ingredient in functional foods and beverages. It is also used as a prescription drug for certain conditions, such as hypertriglyceridemia. The health benefits of EPA and DPA make them important nutrients for overall health and well-being.
Deficiency of EPA, DHA and DPA
A deficiency of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) can lead to an imbalance between omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, as both types of fatty acids compete for the same enzymes in the body. This imbalance can lead to increased inflammation and potentially contribute to the development of various health conditions such as cardiovascular disease, inflammatory disorders and mood disorders. However, signs that could indicate a possible eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) deficiency include increased inflammation, dry skin, mood swings, joint problems, and cognitive issues.
Dry, itchy, or even scaly skin is a sign of EPA and DPA deficiency in many cases. Dandruff on the scalp, very dry hair, severe callus formation and dry to cracked heels can also often be traced back to an insufficient supply of the vital omega-3 fatty acids. In addition, there is a greatly increased risk of developing inflammatory diseases and allergies.
The use of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosapentaenoic acid in cosmetic products is therefore all the more sensible. DHA, EPA and DPA can be optimally integrated in facial creams, but also in care creams for hands, feet, and nails. With appropriate formulations, it is possible to ensure that hair, skin, and nails remain elastic and supple and possible inflammation is reduced or even completely prevented.
Revitalizing skin and hair: the benefits of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) in cosmetics
Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) are not only essential for overall health, but they also offer numerous benefits in cosmetics and personal care products. As potent anti-inflammatory agents, EPA and DPA are known for their skin-soothing properties, helping to reduce inflammation and redness of the skin, making them ideal for skincare products targeting conditions such as psoriasis, blemished skin, and acne. Furthermore, EPA and DPA are believed to support the skin’s barrier function, helping to maintain its integrity and prevent moisture loss, resulting in improved skin hydration.
In the world of cosmetics, EPA and DPA can be found in various forms, including oils, extracts, and as components of other skincare ingredients. Moisturizers, serums, creams, and lotions for sensitive or irritated skin may all contain EPA and DPA to provide their skin-soothing and barrier-supporting benefits.
The benefits of EPA and DPA are not limited to troubled skin, as they also offer advantages for mature skin. EPA and DPA are believed to promote cell regeneration, boost the formation of new skin cells, and help remedy issues such as excessively dry skin and pimples. Additionally, EPA and DPA are known for their cell-protecting effects, which can delay skin aging and contribute to supple skin, strong hair roots, and healthy fingernails. Overall, EPA and DPA can visibly improve the elasticity of both skin and hair.
With their anti-inflammatory, barrier-supporting, and cell-protecting properties, EPA and DPA are valuable ingredients in cosmetics and personal care products, offering a wide range of benefits for skin and hair health.
Fact Sheet Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)
INCI: Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)
CAS number: 10417-94-4
Definition: starting material for the formation of docosahexaenoic acid
Brief description: colorless liquid
Occurrence: mainly in fatty sea fish such as Atlantic herring and salmon
Melting point: minus 54 degrees Celsius
Fact Sheet Docosapentaenoic Acid (DPA)
INCI: Docosapentaenoic acid
CAS number: 24880-45-3
Physical state: liquid
Definition: polyunsaturated, long-chain fatty acid from the group of omega-3 fatty acids
Occurrence: as glycerol ester in fish, fish oil, cod liver oil, meat and in algae
Melting point: from minus 78 degrees Celsius
Fact Sheet Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA)
INCI: Docosahexaenoic acid
CAS number: 6217-54-5
Brief description: yellowish liquid
Definition: polyunsaturated fatty acid, belongs to the class of omega-3 fatty acids
Occurrence: like eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), mainly in fatty sea fish
Melting point: minus 44 degrees Celsius
Cosmetics with DHA, EPA and DPA
Omega-3 fatty acids such as eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid and docosapentaenoic acid are of great importance for supple skin, healthy nails, and shiny hair. Yet hardly anyone eats fatty sea fish on a daily basis. A deficiency, however, can have fatal consequences: for human health, but also for the external appearance. Skin impurities, premature skin aging as well as inflammatory changes, allergies and eczema are threatening. Cosmacon is therefore happy to integrate the valuable substances DHA, EPA and DPA into your formulations on request. Especially for face and body creams, hair care products, nail care as well as hand and foot creams, the use of these substances is ideal. Ask us, we develop individual solutions for your needs.
Sources:
Cosmetic and Therapeutic Applications of Fish Oil’s Fatty Acids on the Skin.; Mar Drugs. 2018 Jul 30;16(8):256.
Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Intake and Blood Pressure: A Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.; J Am Heart Assoc. 2022 Jun 7;11(11):e025071.
Association of Red Blood Cell Omega-3 Fatty Acids With MRI Markers and Cognitive Function in Midlife: The Framingham Heart Study.; Neurology. 2022 Oct 5;99(23):e2572-82.
Anti-inflammatory and nutritional improvement effects of dietary supplementation combined with fish oil in patients with epithelial cancer.; Oncol Lett. 2022 Jul 12;24(3):306.
Eicosapentaenoic acid- and docosahexaenoic acid-rich fish oil in sow and piglet diets modifies blood oxylipins and immune indicators in both, sows and suckling piglets.; Animal. 2022 Oct;16(10):100634.